A simplified simulation of the effect of sodium intake on blood pressure, proposed by Luque-Fernandez et al. (2019). Age confounds both the treatment (high sodium intake) and the outcome (blood pressure). The true ATE used in the data generating process is 1.05.
sodiumA data frame with 10,000 rows and 3 columns:
Age in years (confounder).
Binary treatment: high sodium intake (1) or not (0).
Systolic blood pressure (outcome).
Luque-Fernandez, M. A., Schomaker, M., Redondo-Sanchez, D., Jose Sanchez Perez, M., Vaidya, A., & Schnitzer, M. E. (2019). Educational Note: Paradoxical collider effect in the analysis of non-communicable disease epidemiological data. International Journal of Epidemiology, 48(2), 640-653.